https://doi.org/10.4081/jear.2021.9315
First report of Symphoromyia immaculata (Diptera: Rhagionidae) from Italy, with the description of its attack and blood-feeding behaviour on human hosts
Submitted: 18 August 2020
Accepted: 18 May 2021
Published: 6 August 2021
Accepted: 18 May 2021
Abstract Views: 1698
PDF: 454
HTML: 11
HTML: 11
Publisher's note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
Authors
Specimens from a swarm of Symphoromyia immaculata (Meigen, 1820) were collected in the act of biting people in a farmhouse in Central Italy. The species is distributed in West and Central Europe and eastwards in Northwest Russia. This is the first record of S. immaculata in Italy, with a documented case of humans suffering from bites of this species.
ALDRICH J.M., 1915 - The dipterous genus Symphoromyia in North America. - Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 49: 113-42.
BEZZI M., 1892 - Contribuzione alla fauna ditterologica della provincia di Pavia. - Boll. Soc. Ent. It. 24: 97-151.
BEZZI M., 1893 - I Ditteri del Trentino. Saggio delle specie di Ditteri finora raccolte in Trentino. - Atti Soc. Ven. Trent. Sc. Nat. 2: 207-272.
BEZZI M., 1894 - I Ditteri del Trentino. Saggio delle specie di Ditteri finora raccolte in Trentino. - Atti Soc. Ven. Trent. Sc. Nat. 2: 274-352.
BEZZI M., 1895 - I Ditteri della Calabria. - Boll. Soc. ent. It. 127: 39-78
BEZZI M., 1898 - Contribuzioni alla fauna Ditterologica italiana. II. Ditteri delle Marche e degli Abruzzi. - Boll. Soc. ent. It. 30: 19-50.
BEZZI M., 1918 - Studi sulla ditterofauna nivale delle Alpi italiane. - Mem. Soc. It. Sc. nat. Mus. civ. St. nat. Milano. 9: 1-164.
BEZZI M., 1925 - Materiali per una fauna dell'arcipelago Toscano. XVII - Ditteri del Giglio. - Ann. Mus. civ. St. nat. Genova. 10: 291-354.
CHVÁLA M., 1983 - First record of blood-sucking in palaearctic Rhagionidae (Diptera), with description of a new Symphoromyia of the crassicornis-group from Central Asia. - Acta Entomol. Bohemoslov. 80: 423-436.
COLLESS D.H., MCALPINE, D.K., 1991 - Diptera. In: Insects of Australia. - Melbourne University Press, Melbourne: 717-789 pp.
FROHNE, W.C., WILLIAMS R.B., 1951 - Notes on snipe flies of the genus Symphoromyia in Alaska. Mosq. News. 11: 32-33.
GRIMALDI D., ENGEL M.S., 2005 - Antliophora: Scorpionflies, Fleas, and True Flies. Evolution of the Insects. - Cambridge University Press: 468-547 pp.
HEARLE E., 1928 - Insects of the season 1928 in British Columbia. Insects affecting livestock and man. 59th Ann. Rep. Entomol. Soc. Ont.- Toronto: 128 pp.
HOY J., ANDERSON J., 1978 - Behavior and reproductive physiology of blood-sucking snipe flies (Diptera: Rhagionidae: Symphoromyia) attacking deer in northern California. - Hilgardia. 46: 113-168.
KERR P.H., 2010 - Phylogeny and classification of Rhagionidae, with implications for Tabanomorpha (Diptera: Brachycera). - Zootaxa. 2592: 1-133.
KNAB F., COOLEY R.A., 1912 - Symphoromyia as a blood-sucker. - Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 14: 161-62.
MILLS H.B., 1943 - An Outbreak of the Snipe Fly Symphoromyia hirta. - Journal of Econ. Entomol. 36: 806.
MULLEN G.R., DURDEN L.A., 2009 - Medical and veterinary entomology. Academic press: 792 pp.
OOSTERBROEK P., 2006 - The European Families of the Diptera: Identification Diagnosis Biology. Brill.
OSTEN-SACKEN C.R., 1877 - Western Diptera: Descriptions of new genera and species of Diptera from the region west of the Mississippi and especially from California. - Bull. U.S. Geol. Sur. Terr. 3: 189-354.
SHANNON R.C., 1915 - Eastern Symphoromyia attacking man. - Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 17: 188-189.
SHEMANCHUK J.A., WEINTRAUB L., 1961 - Observations on the biting and swarming of snipe flies (Diptera: Symphoromyia) in the foothills of southern Alberta. - Mosq. News. 21: 238-243.
SMITH K.G.V., 1993 - In: LANE R.P., Insect of minor medical importance. - Crosskey R.W. (eds), Medical Insects and Arachnids. Springer, Dordrecht.
SNODGRASS R.E., 1944 - The feeding apparatus of biting and sucking insects affecting man and animals. - Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections.
STOCH F., 2003 - CK2000. Checklist of the species of the Italian Fauna. On-line version 2.1
STOCH F., MINELLI A., 2003 - The project “Checklist of the species of the Italian fauna”. Atti Convegno “La conoscenza botanica e zoologica in Italia: dagli inventari al monitoraggio”, Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, 14 dicembre 2001, Ministero dell’Ambiente e della Tutela del Territorio: 5-15.
STUBBS A.E., DRAKE C.M., 2001 - British soldierflies and their allies: an illustrated guide to their identification and ecology: covering all flies (Diptera) in the families Acroceridae, Asilidae, Athericidae, Bombyllidae, Rhagionidae, Scenopinidae, Stratiomyidae, Tabanidae, Therevidae, Xylomyidae and Xylophagidae. - British Entomological and Natural History Society.
TURNER W.J., 1974 - A revision of the genus Symphoromyia Frauenfeld (Diptera: Rhagionidae): I. Introduction. Subgenera and species-groups. Review of biology. Can. Entomol. 106: 851-868. doi:10.4039/Ent106851-8
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent106851-8
TURNER W.J., 1979 - A case of severe human allergic reaction to bites of Symphoromyia (Diptera: Rhagionidae). - J. Med. Entomol. 15: 138-139.
How to Cite
Romiti, F., De Liberato, C., Magliano, A., Ermenegildi, A., Del Lesto, I., & Beuk, P. . (2021). First report of <em>Symphoromyia immaculata</em> (Diptera: Rhagionidae) from Italy, with the description of its attack and blood-feeding behaviour on human hosts. Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research, 53(1). https://doi.org/10.4081/jear.2021.9315
Copyright (c) 2021 the Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
PAGEPress has chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) to all manuscripts to be published.