https://doi.org/10.4081/aiua.2023.11266

Anthropometric characteristics and relationship with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer in Greece: A case-control study

Vol. 95 No. 1 (2023)
Submitted: February 19, 2023
Accepted: March 6, 2023
Published: March 15, 2023
Bladder cancer, BMI, nthropometric characteristics, Epidemiology, Weight, Height, Waist circumference, Hip circumference
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Authors

Lazaros Tzelves
lazarostzelves@gmail.com
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4619-9783
Department of Urology/Uro-Oncology, University College of London Hospitals (UCLH), London, United Kingdom; 2nd Department of Urology, Sismanoglio Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Sismanogliou 37 Athens, Greece.
Stamatis Katsimperis
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7028-1544
2nd Department of Urology, Sismanoglio Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Sismanogliou 37 Athens, Greece.
Themistoklis Bellos
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0390-1467
2nd Department of Urology, Sismanoglio Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Sismanogliou 37 Athens, Greece.
Marinos Berdempes
https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0014-4948
2nd Department of Urology, Sismanoglio Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Sismanogliou 37 Athens, Greece.
Iraklis Mitsogiannis
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0540-0770
2nd Department of Urology, Sismanoglio Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Sismanogliou 37 Athens, Greece.
Athanasios Papatsoris
2nd Department of Urology, Sismanoglio Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Sismanogliou 37 Athens, Greece.
Charalampos Deliveliotis
2nd Department of Urology, Sismanoglio Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Sismanogliou 37 Athens, Greece.
Ioannis Varkarakis
2nd Department of Urology, Sismanoglio Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Sismanogliou 37 Athens, Greece.
Andreas Skolarikos
2nd Department of Urology, Sismanoglio Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Sismanogliou 37 Athens, Greece.

Background: Risk factors like smoking, radiation, chronic infections and exposure to occupational chemicals are strongly associated with occurrence of bladder cancer. Association between increased body weight and bladder cancer has been controversial. The aim of this case-control study is to evaluate association of anthropometric characteristics on bladder cancer incidence in Greek population.

Methods: This case-control study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in Greece with cases being patients with bladder cancer diagnosed within the last 2 years and controls patients admitted to hospital for reason other than cancer and not related to common risk factors related to bladder cancer. Anthropometric characteristics like weight, height, body mass index, waist and hip circumference were measured. Analyses was done with R (Vienna, Austria).

Results: Comparison between groups showed that patients with bladder cancer had higher weight, BMI and waist circumference compared to controls. However, multivariate, binomial logistic regression showed that only age (OR 1.03, 95% CI: 1-1.05, p = 0.02), no use of smoke (OR 0.12, 95% CI: 0.07-0.23, p < 0.001) and occupation related to bladder cancer (OR 7.45, 95% CI: 2.53-27.93, p < 0.001) significantly predicted the incidence of bladder cancer.

Conclusions: Bladder cancer incidence is strongly linked with specific risk factors such as smoking, occupation with exposure to chemicals and smoke, increasing age, radiation and chronic infections. Several studies have shown a weak association between anthropometric characteristics and bladder cancer, although most studies in European populations did not confirm these findings. Similarly in our case-control study in a Greek population, we found potential relationship between increased weight/BMI and waist circumference with bladder cancer, but the association disappeared in multivariate analysis.

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How to Cite

Tzelves, L., Katsimperis, S., Bellos, T., Berdempes, M., Mitsogiannis, I., Papatsoris, A., Deliveliotis, C., Varkarakis, I., & Skolarikos, A. (2023). Anthropometric characteristics and relationship with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer in Greece: A case-control study. Archivio Italiano Di Urologia E Andrologia, 95(1). https://doi.org/10.4081/aiua.2023.11266
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