https://doi.org/10.4081/ijfs.2024.12144

Assessing global good agricultural practices standard adoption: insights from fruit and vegetable farmers in Pakistan

Vol. 13 No. 1 (2024)
Submitted: 28 November 2023
Accepted: 18 January 2024
Published: 26 January 2024
Farm management, food safety standards, global value chain, private standards, smallholder farmers
Abstract Views: 1826
PDF: 214
SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: 23
HTML: 2
Publisher's note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

Authors

Syed Raza Hussain
Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Muhammad Zahid Rashid
Horticultural Research Institute AARI, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Irfan Haidri
Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Usman Shafqat
Department of Environmental Sciences, Government Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Faisal Mahmood
faisalmahmood@gcuf.edu.pk
https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7695-7741
Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

This study examines the challenges Pakistani farmers face in adopting global good agricultural practices (GGAP) and highlights the limitations in infrastructure and cost-based clauses. A questionnaire based on GGAP’s fruit and vegetable module version 5.0 was developed and validated by the Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad. This was a survey-based study of 15 farmers divided into 5 groups according to their annual farm turnover. The findings of the study indicated that, although the basic paperwork requirements of GGAP were implementable, clauses related to capital investment and technical record-keeping were not. Results showed that 90-100% of farmers considered risk assessments, training, and documentation on their farms. However, 42-56% of clauses related to record-keeping, installation, visual presentation, and infrastructure development, and 24-37% of clauses related to external testing, health, safety, and hygiene were declared not implementable. The study revealed a need for adapting GGAP standards to Pakistan's unique agricultural conditions, suggesting the development of localized standards for more practical implementation. The study’s findings highlight crucial insights for policymakers and stakeholders in the agriculture sector and suggest the need for target strategies to overcome implementation barriers and optimize the adaptation of GGAP in Pakistan that would help to increase exports of agricultural commodities.

Dimensions

Altmetric

PlumX Metrics

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Citations

Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC
Annor PB, Kaitibie S, Lyne MC, 2023. Heterogeneous impacts of GlobalGAP adoption on net income in small‐scale pineapple farming in Ghana: does farm size matter? Agribusiness 39:1199-216.
Asfaw S, Mithöfer D, Waibel H, 2009. Investment in compliance with GlobalGAP standards: does it pay off for small-scale producers in Kenya?. Quarterly J Int Agr 48:337-62.
Asfaw S, Mithöfer D, Waibel H, 2010. Agrifood supply chain, private‐sector standards, and farmers' health: evidence from Kenya. Agr Econ 41:251-63.
Azam A, Shafique M, 2017. Agriculture in Pakistan and its impact on economy. A review. Inter J Adv Sci Technol 103:47-60.
Chemnitz C, 2007. The compliance decision with food quality standards on primary producer level; a case study of the EUREPGAP standard in the Moroccan tomato sector. 103rd Seminar, 2007 Apr 23-25, Barcelona, Spain.
Chiputwa B, Spielman DJ, Qaim M, 2015. Food standards, certification, and poverty among coffee farmers in Uganda. World Dev 66:400-12.
Fouilleux E, Loconto A, 2017. Voluntary standards, certification, and accreditation in the global organic agriculture field: a tripartite model of techno-politics. Agr Hum Values 34:1-14.
GlobalGAP, 2023. History. Available from: https://www.globalgap.org/about/history/.
Irshad MB, Ali M, Imran M, Masood A, Akhtar K, 2021. Analysis of adoption of GlobalGAP certification in Pakistan. Proceedings of the 4th European International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management, 2021, Aug 2-5, Rome, Italy.
John K, 2013. Global GAP standard compliance and smallholder Pineapple Farmers’ access to export markets: implications for incomes. J Econ Behav Stud 5:69-81.
Kersting S, 2013. Food safety and quality standards in the Thai horticultural sector: implications for small-scale farmers. Available from: https://ediss.uni-goettingen.de/handle/11858/00-1735-0000-001C-1FEE-0?locale-attribute=en.
Kersting S, Wollni M, 2012. New institutional arrangements and standard adoption: evidence from small-scale fruit and vegetable farmers in Thailand. Food Policy 37:452-62.
Laosutsan P, Shivakoti GP, Soni P, 2019. Factors influencing the adoption of good agricultural practices and export decision of Thailand’s vegetable farmers. Int J Commons 13:867-80.
Loconto A, Dankers C, 2014. Impact of international voluntary standards on smallholder market participation in developing countries: a review of the literature. Available from: https://www.fao.org/3/i3682e/i3682e.pdf.
Macheka L, Manditsera FA, Ngadze RT, Mubaiwa J, Nyanga LK, 2013. Barriers, benefits and motivation factors for the implementation of food safety management system in the food sector in Harare Province, Zimbabwe. Food Control 34:126-31.
Nabeshima K, Michida E, Vu HN, Suzuki A, 2015. Emergence of Asian GAPs and its relationship to global GAP. Institute of Developing Economies, Japan External Trade Organization.
Narrod C, Roy D, Okello J, Avendaño B, Rich K, Thorat A, 2009. Public–private partnerships and collective action in high value fruit and vegetable supply chains. Food Policy 34:8-15.
Ngenoh E, Kurgat BK, Bett HK, Kebede SW, Bokelmann W, 2019. Determinants of the competitiveness of smallholder African indigenous vegetable farmers in high-value agro-food chains in Kenya: a multivariate probit regression analysis. Agr Food Econ 7:2.
Nicetic O, Van De Fliert E, Chien HV, Mai V, Cuong L, 2010. Good agricultural practice (GAP) as a vehicle for transformation to sustainable citrus production in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam. Proceedings of the 9th European IFS Symposium, 2010, July 4-7, Vienna, Austria.
Niemiec M, Komorowska M, 2019. Assessment of the possibility of implementing the GLOBAL GAP standard in selected bean producing farms in western Kyrgyzstan. E3S Web of Conferences 132:02005.
Reardon T, Barrett CB, Berdegué JA, Swinnen JF, 2009. Agrifood industry transformation and small farmers in developing countries. World Dev 37:1717-27.
Roitner-Schobesberger B, Darnhofer I, Somsook S, Vogl CR, 2008. Consumer perceptions of organic foods in Bangkok, Thailand. Food Policy 33:112-21.
Schuster M, Maertens M, 2016. Do private standards benefit workers in horticultural export chains in Peru?. J Clean Prod 112:2392-406.
TDAP, 2021. Mango festival 2021. Available from: https://tdap.gov.pk/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Mango-Festival-Report-2021-converted.pdf.
Teddy G, Lembani M, Hwabamungu B, Molosiwa D, 2019. Policy and implementation gap: a multi-country perspective. Int J Adv Res 7:678-704.
Tran D, Goto D, 2019. Impacts of sustainability certification on farm income: evidence from small-scale specialty green tea farmers in Vietnam. Food Policy 83:70-82.
Yadav D, Dutta G, Saha K, 2023. Assessing and ranking international markets based on stringency of food safety measures: application of fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS method. Brit Food J 125:262-85.

How to Cite

1.
Hussain SR, Zahid Rashid M, Haidri I, Shafqat U, Mahmood F. Assessing global good agricultural practices standard adoption: insights from fruit and vegetable farmers in Pakistan. Ital J Food Safety [Internet]. 2024 Jan. 26 [cited 2024 Nov. 23];13(1). Available from: https://www.pagepressjournals.org/ijfs/article/view/12144
Copyright (c) 2024 the Author(s) Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

PAGEPress has chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) to all manuscripts to be published.