https://doi.org/10.4081/aiua.2024.12246

Cellular senescence in testicular cancer. Is there a correlation with the preoperative markers and the extent of the tumor? An experimental study

Vol. 96 No. 1 (2024)
Published: March 4, 2024
Testicular cancer, cellular senescence, preoperative tumor markers, GL13, senescent cells
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Authors

Vasileios Tatanis
tatanisbas@gmail.com
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8584-3888
Department of Urology, University of Patras, Greece.
Dimitris Veroutis
Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece.
Pavlos Pantelis
Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece.
George Theocharous
https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4518-8728
Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece.
Helen Sarlanis
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7197-939X
Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece.
Alexandros Georgiou
Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece.
Angelis Peteinaris
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0427-4506
Department of Urology, University of Patras, Greece.
Anastasios Natsos
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5845-7420
Department of Urology, University of Patras, Greece.
Napoleon Moulavasilis
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1820-9027
1st Department of Urology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece.
Nikolaos Kavantzas
Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece.
Athanassios Kotsinas
Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece.
Ioannis Adamakis
1st Department of Urology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece.

Purpose: The aim of this experimental study is to investigate the correlation between the presence of senescent cells and the tumor size, the lymphovascular invasion (LVI), the invasion of rete testis (RTI), the preoperative tumor markers or pathological stage in patients who underwent orchiectomy for malignant purposes.
Methods: This experimental study included patients with a history of radical orchiectomy performed from January 2011 to January 2019. The testicular tissue specimens underwent an immunohistopathological process for the detection of the presence of cellular senescence. Besides, the tumor size, the histopathological type, the pathological stage of the tumor and the presence of Lymphovascular (LVI) or rete testis (RTI) invasions were also recorded. Additionally, the preoperative serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein, beta-human chorionic gonadotropin and lactate dehydrogenase were recorded. After the completion of immunohistochemical analysis, the rate of senescent cells in each specimen was also recorded.
Results: The mean senescent cell rate was estimated to be 14.11±11.32% and 15.46±10.58% in patients with presence of LVI or absence of LVI, respectively (p=0.46). The mean senescent cell rate was calculated at 18.13±12.26% and 12.56±9.38% (p=0.096) in patients with presence of RTI or absence of RTI, respectively. The mean senescent cell rate in the pT1 group was calculated at 14.58 ± 9.82%, while in T2 and T3 groups the mean senescent cell rate was estimated to be 15.22 ± 12.03% and 15.35 ± 14.21%, respectively (p=0.98). A statistically significant correlation was detected between the senescence rate and the tumor size (Pearson score 0.40, p=0.027) and between the rate of senescent cells and the preoperative level of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (Pearson score -0.53, p=0.002).
Conclusions: The presence of cellular senescence was correlated with the extent of the testicular tumor in terms of tumor size as well as the preoperative level of the LDH serum marker.

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How to Cite

Tatanis, V., Veroutis, D., Pantelis, P., Theocharous, G., Sarlanis, H., Georgiou, A., Peteinaris, A., Natsos, A., Moulavasilis, N., Kavantzas, N., Kotsinas, A., & Adamakis, I. (2024). Cellular senescence in testicular cancer. Is there a correlation with the preoperative markers and the extent of the tumor? An experimental study. Archivio Italiano Di Urologia E Andrologia, 96(1). https://doi.org/10.4081/aiua.2024.12246
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