Healthcare in Low-resource Settings

Characteristics of nurses with musculoskeletal disorders from Dr Soedarso Regional Hospital, Pontianak, Indonesia

Wed, 17 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) can have a significant negative impact on quality of life, resulting in reduced ability to work, absenteeism, and possibly switching occupations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the prevalence and severity of MSDs and the nurse characteristics (NCs) of nurses working in the Dr Soedarso Regional Hospital (DSRH) inpatient department. An analytical and descriptive cross-sectional methodology was used to examine 134 nurses from Inpatient Wards A and B. Total sampling was used to select the respondents. The level of exposure to the conditions investigated by the quick exposure check (QEC), namely, static and dynamic movements in the back, shoulders/arms, neck, and work-related stress, was significantly correlated with gender and neck (0.050), a history of education-related physical strain, such as back mobility (0.021), years of work-related strain on the neck (0.040), and work-related stress (0.033). There were no significant correlations found between age and static and dynamic movements of the back, shoulders/arms, and neck. Gender, education level, and employment duration all have a strong correlation with MSDs among DSRH inpatient nurses.

Comparison of the effect of patient-centred and family-centred education through smartphones on the quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes: A quasi-experimental study

Fri, 08 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Diabetes is one of the most common non-communicable metabolic diseases with debilitating complications that affect the quality of life of patients. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effect of patient-centred and family-centred education via smartphone on the quality of life of type 2 diabetic patients. This is a quasi-experimental study with a three-group design (patient-centred education, family-centred education and patient-family-centred education) that was conducted on patients with type 2 diabetes and their families in 2022. Research subjects were selected by the purposive sampling method. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS ver. 21. The results showed no significant difference between the three groups in terms of age, sex, marital status, educational level and duration of diabetes. There was a significant difference between the three groups in terms of the mean total quality of life (QoL) score before and after the intervention (p <0.05). In other words, in addition to having a better score than the previous intervention in the three groups after the intervention, the total QoL score was better in the patient-family-centred education group. The results of the present study showed that patient-family-centred education has a greater impact on QoL scores. Therefore, healthcare providers and policymakers should pay more attention to this issue.

Hospital brand image and trust leading towards patient satisfaction: medical tourists’ behavioural intention in Malaysia

Tham Noi Fook, Low Mei Peng, Yeong Wai Mun — Mon, 19 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0000

In Malaysia, hospital branding is critical to recruiting medical tourists. Reputation, service quality, and word-of-mouth influence hospital branding. Thus, hospitals and the healthcare tourism sector must understand these elements to gain a competitive edge in the global market. This study investigated the effect of hospital advertising factors on healthcare tourists’ behavioural intentions (BI) in Malaysia, with emphasis on clarifying the nature of hospital brand image and hospital brand trust. Additionally, the study assessed how perceived standards and satisfaction stimulate favourable BI among healthcare tourists. This study used the quantitative research-based deductive approach, where hospitals in Malaysia were the target sector. The results demonstrated that accessibility, cost, and a good web presence influenced hospital marketing for medical tourism. Furthermore, the characteristics of safety and security and effective advertising enhance trust. Moreover, patient satisfaction is critical to reduce the divide between service standards and BI, which emphasises the necessity of prioritising patients in medical facilities. Nevertheless, the findings were time-sensitive and not adjusted for healthcare tourism sector alterations or customer habit variations over time.

Early detection of the risk of chronic kidney disease based on eating and drinking behaviors in Kendari City Indonesia

Tasnim Tasnim, Imran Imran, Sugireng Sugireng, Nur Illiyyin Akib — Tue, 30 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The main purpose of this study is to analyze eating and drinking behavior that can be used for early detection of chronic kidney disease in Kendari City, Southeast Sulawesi. The research question is How do eating behavior and drinking water consumption affect protein urine, creatinine, and health status? This quantitative research used a cross-sectional study approach and recruited 136 respondents in Kendari City, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia from June to August 2023. The sampling technique is by accidental sampling technique. Eating behavior in calories and drinking water consumption are independent variables. Creatinine, protein urine levels, and health status are dependent variables. Data analysis using the chi-square, Kruskal Wallis H, linear regression, and ordinal regression of statistical tests. The daily drinking water consumption of less than 666 ml a day had a significant effect on protein urine levels by 19.6% and health status by 32.2%. However, it did not significantly affect urine creatinine levels. Total daily caloric intake did not significantly affect urine creatinine levels and protein urine, but it has a significant effect on health status by 8.2% especially total calorie intake which is less than 699 calories a day. Drinking water consumption of less than 666 ml a day and intake of calories less than 699 calories can be used as a basis for early detection of people at risk of developing chronic kidney disease.

Multidisciplinary nursing practice in a low-resource setting in Southeast Brazil

Thu, 28 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The various specializations available to nurses represent an investment geared toward providing more qualified patient care. However, little is known about the attitudes of specialized nurses toward multidisciplinarity. The purpose of this study was to investigate nurses' perceptions of multidisciplinarity in the field of specialist nurses, as well as to determine how specialization is associated with improved patient care and nurses' age in a low-resource setting in Southeast Brazil. This cross-sectional study included 70 nurses aged ≥18 years with at least one nursing specialty working at the Regional Health Superintendence of Manhuaçu, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The study participants responded to questions about specialization and its importance in the field of health care. The majority of nurse specialists (84.3%) were between the ages of 20 and 40, and 31.4 percent worked in family health. Eighty percent of nurse specialists agreed that nursing specialization was important. More than 75% agreed that specialization promotes higher quality care and that multidisciplinarity is critical for improving patient care. Seventy percent of participants distrusted online health information. There is a relationship between the importance of having a specialty and better patient care (τb=0.293, p=0.002), and between being a specialist nurse and age (τb=-0.272, p=0.004). Nurses have embraced the concept of multidisciplinarity as a way to improve healthcare. However, they were concerned about the qualifications for nursing specialties.

Prevalence of hypertension and its associated risk factors among secondary school students in Duhok City

Ayoub Abid Abdul Majeed, Azad AbdulJabar Haleem — Thu, 21 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Hypertension can develop in early childhood and go unnoticed unless it is screened for specifically during this developmental stage. Detecting potential hypertension risk in children is critical to avoiding the serious, long-term complications associated with the condition. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of hypertension among schoolchildren aged 13 to 18, as well as the risk factors associated with it. A cross-sectional study included 565 students aged 13 to 18 from the Duhok region. The analysis used Chi square testing and logistic regression with JMP Pro 14.3.0 software. Of the 565 students from 32 schools chosen, 242 (42.80%) were male and 323 (57.2%) were female. Notably, 5.84% (n=33) were hypertensive. A significant correlation was found between hypertension prevalence and body mass index, as well as gender. There was no significant relationship found with other variables. Logistic regression revealed that high blood pressure was significantly associated with excess weight, obesity, and age. We concluded that there was an increase in the incidence of hypertension among high school students. Lifestyle changes appeared to play a role in hypertension development among this population. Routine school surveys are recommended to detect potential hypertension cases in children and adolescents, allowing for timely preventative interventions.

Illness duration and quality of sleep among people living with HIV: a cross-sectional study

Mon, 25 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

HIV is a chronic condition that requires ongoing medical management, and sleep disturbances are common among individuals living with the virus. By examining the relationship between the duration of illness and sleep quality, healthcare professionals can gain insights into the unique challenges faced by HIV patients and develop targeted interventions to address their specific sleep-related needs. This study aims to find out the relationship between the illness duration and the quality of sleep among people living with HIV/AIDS. This research used an observational research design using a cross-sectional approach. 128 HIV patients on Balai Kesehatan Masyarakat Wilayah Semarang were involved in using purposive sampling techniques. The data was gathered with medical records and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Spearman rank correlations were used to analyze the data. This study has been declared ethically appropriate by the Health Research Ethics Committee faculty of Nursing Universitas Islam Sultan Agung. The results found a relationship between the illness duration and quality of sleep where a p-value of 0.019 < α (0.05) with a contingency coefficient value of 0.208. The length of diagnosis and sleep quality have a strong correlation. Nurses and other healthcare providers need to provide interventions for PLHIV to improve sleep quality.

Epidemiologic and clinical characteristics and outcomes of burn patients in Kurdistan Region: a one-decade large retrospective cross-sectional study

Thu, 08 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Globally, burns are the most devastating injuries, causing more than 120,000 deaths annually, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. This study investigated the epidemiologic and clinical characteristics and outcomes of burn patients. This retrospective study was conducted at the Duhok Burn and Plastic Surgery Hospital between 2014 and 2023. The data collected included demographic characteristics of the patients, burn etiology, location of burn, degree of burn, and hospitalization duration. The study included 713 cases, with the majority (41.37%) in the 0-17 age group. Mortality increased with age, and housewives had the highest mortality rate (54.91%). Urban residents had a higher mortality rate (40.81%) than rural residents (28.80%). Winter and spring had higher rates of burn patients (31.84% and 29.17%). Most burns occurred at home (90.88%), with flame (70.97%) and scald (25.11%) as the primary causes. Hospitalizations were mostly 1-14 days (83.73%), and second and third-degree burns were common (47.27% and 50.07%). About 75.74% of patients suffered upper limb injuries. In 2023, there was a slightly higher burn rate (16.27%) compared to previous years.Burns were most frequently suffered by children, particularly during winter and spring at home. The primary causes were flame and scald injuries. Females were more prone to flame injuries, while males experienced a higher incidence of scald injuries. Among the affected groups, housewives had the highest mortality rate, and this elevated risk was linked to their advancing age.

Modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease in Iraqi Kurdistan population: a large epidemiological study

Tue, 19 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are considered the leading factor of morbidity and mortality across the world. This study aimed to identify the modifiable risk factors of CVDs in the Kurdistan Region. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, the patients who visited and were diagnosed with any type of CVDs and treated in a main private cardiac center in Duhok governorate in Kurdistan Region were included between the years 2018 and 2023. The study found a similar percentage of male and female patients. The percentage of old patients was significantly increased from 18-19 to ≥70. The most preventable modifiable risk factors among cardiac patients were hypertension (86.17%), physical inactivity (60.59%), diabetes (40.15%), and dyslipidemia (56.31%). The less preventable modifiable risk factors were alcohol (4.01%) and cigarette smoking (14.43%). Males had a higher prevalence of cigarette smoking (24.63% vs. 4.38%; P<0.0001) and female patients had a higher prevalence of hypertension (91.25% vs. 81.02%; P<0.000), diabetes (44.43% vs. 35.80 %; P=0.0007) and dyslipidemia (59.15% vs. 53.43%; P=0.0257). In terms of family history of heart disease, the middle age group had a higher prevalence compared to younger and older age groups. Diabetes and cigarette smoking was more prevalent among older age groups, while dyslipidemia was more prevalent among younger and older age groups. Alcohol, physical inactivity, and hypertension were similar among age groups. Hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and physical inactivity were the most prevalent risk factors for CVDs in this region. The older patients had significantly higher rates of some of these risk factors.

Healthcare seeking behavior for acute illnesses among adult Aborigine communities (Orang Asli) in Cameron Highlands, Malaysia: a house-to-house survey

Danaletchumy Ganesan, Sumaira Hussain, Chandrashekhar T. Sreeramareddy — Thu, 18 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Indigenous people often have poor health due to a lack of access to health care. We studied healthcare-seeking behaviors and associated factors of Orang Asli populations living in remote hilly areas of Peninsular Malaysia. A house-to-house survey was done in 11 of 28 randomly selected villages. A sample of 225 Adults aged 18 years and above were interviewed about healthcare-seeking behavior for an episode of illness 30 days before the survey date. Factors associated with appropriate healthcare-seeking behavior as determined by binary logistic regression analyses. More than a third of the Orang Asli adults (88/225) did not consult any healthcare provider (39%) for which ‘illness does not need treatment’ or ‘not sick enough’ (22%) and no transportation (12%) were the main reasons. Being of older age (aOR 0.95, 95%CI 0.9, 0.98), income higher than 500 Malaysian Ringgits per month (aOR 2.35, 95%CI 1.04, 5.39), perception of illness as ‘severe’(aOR 54.79 95% CI 12.61, 239.9), and closer distance of health facility (aOR 0.86 95% CI 0.81, 0.93) were associated with appropriate healthcare-seeking behavior. Health promotion campaigns are needed to improve awareness about common illnesses and improve care-seeking behavior.

Comparison of the effect of interactive and non-interactive education on the self-efficacy of COVID-19 patients

Wed, 17 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of interactive and non-interactive education on the self-efficacy of COVID-19 patients. This is a randomized clinical trial that was conducted on 80 COVID-19 patients in Zahedan in 2022. The samples were randomly assigned to intervention (interactive) and control (non-interactive) groups (n=40 people per group). The patients of each group received two initial education sessions in the hospital and at the time of discharge. Patients of the intervention group participated in 5 sessions of face-to-face interactive education along with practical education using a video projector by the researcher. The control group only received education ions by ward nurses during discharge and only one educational PDF file was given to them to study. The results showed that the mean and standard deviation of the self-efficacy score of the patients of the two interactive and non-interactive education groups did not differ significantly before the intervention (P = 0.024), but it was significantly higher in the interactive education group than the non-interactive education group (p<0.0001). That is, the mean and standard deviation of the self-efficacy score of patients in the interactive education group increased significantly from 49.8 ± 14.77 to 96.77 ± 18.29. The same score in the non-interactive education group increased from 57.85 ± 16.35 to 62.45 ± 14.52, which was not a significant increase. The results showed this intervention helps patients to make informed decisions about their goals, treatments, and self-care behaviors.

Behavioral prevention of HBV transmission in urban communities toward global elimination of hepatitis in 2030: a systematic review

Tue, 16 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Hepatitis B is a serious threat to public health on a global scale. The Hepatitis B virus (HBV), which spreads both vertically and horizontally, is easily contracted by anyone. In 2020, the World Health Organization estimates that 257 million people worldwide have hepatitis B, and 900,000 people die from it each year. According to the World Health Organization (2021), there are approximately 39.4 million people in Southeast Asia living with chronic hepatitis B mortality, with 410,000 deaths caused by the disease. HBV can spread through injections, horizontal transmission, blood transfusions, and organ transplants. Cochrane, Science Direct, PubMed, Elsevier, Sage, Willey, DOAJ, and Google Scholar database sources were used to search for supported research on how to prevent hepatitis virus transmission in urban communities. 15 publications address the primary and secondary prevention of hepatitis B transmission in urban settings. Prevention keeps a person in good health and prevents them from progressing to a later, worse stage. Given that the hepatitis B virus can infect anyone, regardless of age, and that it affects people's health worldwide, as well as their families, communities, and families within them. In order to eradicate the hepatitis B virus, society must be aware of the importance of implementing preventive measures on a continuous and long-term basis through health advocacy activities, hepatitis B virus screening campaigns, health education, counseling, hepatitis B vaccination with community-based activities, and secondary prevention through combination therapy treatment in post-liver transplant patients.

The relationship between clinical education and nursing students' patient safety competencies

Dyah Wiji Puspita Sari, Yuni Sufyanti Arief, Ahsan Ahsan — Mon, 22 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Students play a crucial role in contributing to patient safety issues, a contribution that is significantly influenced by the implementation of clinical education. This study aimed to investigate the impact of clinical education on the achievement of patient safety goal competencies among nursing students. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 125 students in a nursing professional program at Sultan Agung Hospital in Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. A total sampling technique was employed for sample recruitment. Data for the dependent variable were collected using an observation sheet, while data for the independent variable were collected using a structured questionnaire. Bivariate data analysis was performed using the Chi-square test. The bivariate analysis revealed a significant relationship between the implementation of clinical education and the achievement of patient safety goal competencies, with a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05) and a correlation coefficient of 0.609. The achievement of patient safety goal competencies can be facilitated through the implementation of optimal clinical education. Therefore, the implementation of clinical education must include a clinical education model based on the community of practice, making it easier for students to implement patient safety goals.

Enhancing breastfeeding self-efficacy in the postpartum period through emotional release with self-talk method

Cristinawati B.R. Haloho, Ega Ersya Urnia, Dewi Rinda Astuti, Ni Nyoman Murti — Tue, 30 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study aimed to assess the impact of utilizing the "Happy Maternal Card," a self-talk intervention, on breastfeeding self-efficacy during the postpartum period. The research involved 28 mothers three days postpartum in Health Canter Care in Purwodadi regency, Indonesia, from February to March 2020, using a quasi-experimental pre-post design with a control group. The intervention group received self-talk sessions twice daily for a month, while the control group received information through a maternal book twice a week. Breastfeeding ability and independent infant care were measured using the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale. Results indicated a significant decrease in anxiety (p-value=0.000) and a positive impact on breastfeeding self-efficacy in the intervention group (p-value=0.001). The positive suggestions of self-talk empowered mothers cognitively, enabling them to handle stress and believe in positive suggestions, ultimately influencing behavior. This self-talk method has the potential for postpartum care to enhance maternal efficacy in managing psychological aspects, contributing to the success of exclusive breastfeeding.

Exploring the primary health facility availability, health control, drug consumption, and healthy living behavior among patients with hypertension

Thu, 11 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Hypertension has been identified as a causative factor for cardiovascular disease, a leading global cause of death. The accessibility of health services plays a pivotal role in shaping community awareness and engagement in hypertension management. This research aimed to explore the availability of primary health facilities, health control practices, drug consumption, and healthy living behaviors among individuals with hypertension. Utilizing a correlation study with a cross-sectional design, the sample comprised 130 hypertensive individuals selected through purposive sampling. Statistical analysis used the Spearman rho correlation test. The findings revealed that significant correlations between primary health facility availability and health control behavior (α=0.000, r=0.310), antihypertensive drug consumption behavior (α=0.000, r=0.461), and healthy lifestyle behavior (α=0.000, r=0.478) among hypertensive patients. These results underscore the relationship between the availability of primary health facilities and the behavior of hypertensive patients in terms of health control, drug consumption, and healthy lifestyle choices within the community. While the full implementation of these behaviors among hypertensive patients may not be optimal, the observed good availability of primary health facilities serves as an initial step to promote improved behaviors in the management and prevention of hypertension complications within the community.

Exploring maternal perspectives on addressing domestic violence in pregnant adolescents

Ezyla Purbaningsih — Fri, 22 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Adolescent pregnancy has been on the rise in developing countries, primarily attributed to economic challenges, particularly in Africa and South Asia. West Java Province stands out as one of the leading regions with a high incidence of adolescent pregnancies. Young couples often struggle to adapt to early marriage, resulting in domestic violence and adverse health consequences. Notably, domestic violence is prevalent among young married couples, with Bogor reporting a significant incidence among pregnant adolescents. Mothers play a crucial role in providing protection and resolving domestic issues. This study aimed to investigate mothers' perspectives on domestic violence towards adolescents and their problem-solving strategies. The study employed qualitative methods with a descriptive interpretation approach. Data were gathered through in-depth interviews with seven mothers whose daughters had experienced domestic violence by their husbands during pregnancy, having given birth and entered marriage. Thematic content analysis was employed for data analysis. The central finding is that economic challenges serve as the primary catalyst for domestic violence, manifesting through harsh language and physical abuse, leading to potential harm to the child and miscarriage. Pregnant adolescents often experience psychological distress, exhibiting symptoms such as daydreaming, sadness, crying, and weight loss. Mothers express concern about the domestic violence their daughters endure during pregnancy, attributing it to economic issues. To address the problem, mothers employ various strategies, including seeking advice, providing emotional support, involving health services, mediating, communicating, and reporting incidents to relevant authorities. Maternity nurses should proactively offer information about the risks associated with adolescent pregnancies and early marriage. The government must actively communicate the significance of the risk of early pregnancy, particularly concerning violence, to teenagers.

Correlation of nerve damage and peripheral neuropathy incidence using the MNSI and MDNS instrument approaches

Thu, 18 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The World Health Organization (WHO) reported that by 2030, diabetes mellitus would become the 7th leading cause of death. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that causes various complications, one of which is peripheral neuropathy. Preventive efforts for peripheral neuropathy involve conducting detection examinations. The purpose of this study was to analyze nerve damage in peripheral neuropathy cases using the MNSI (Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument) and MDNS (Michigan Diabetic Neuropathy Score) instruments. The study employed a cross-sectional study approach with a sample of 50 people, using total sampling as the sampling technique. The independent variable in this study was nerve damage, and the dependent variable was peripheral neuropathy. Data collection in the study was carried out using the MNSI and MDNS instruments to link the dependent and independent variables. Hypothesis analysis in this study was conducted using the Spearman's rho correlation test. The study found that autonomic, sensory, and motor damage correlated with peripheral neuropathy, with a P-value of < 0.05. Examinations in the feet of diabetics were significantly related to the level of peripheral neuropathy. However, there was no evidence of a correlation between the characteristics of the respondents and the incidence of peripheral neuropathy. The results of the nerve damage examination demonstrated a correlation between different types of damage, and the MNSI and MDNS instruments proved effective in detecting peripheral neuropathy damage. Future research should focus on more in-depth studies to explore the correlation of nerve damage in patients with diabetes mellitus detected at a young age and consider other variables, such as HbA1c levels, as potential risk factors for peripheral neuropathy.

The correlation between creatinine levels and estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) with blood glucose levels in diabetes mellitus type 2 patients

Ani Riyani, Rizka Nerisandi, Wiwin Wiryanti, Widda Rahmah, Nani Kurnaeni — Fri, 15 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Diabetes mellitus (DM) was a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia. Measuring the blood creatinine level and calculating the estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was crucial in determining if a person had impaired kidney function. These tests provided valuable insights into the progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated risk of kidney failure. The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between average creatinine levels and GFR with blood glucose levels in type 2 DM patients. This correlative research used a cross-sectional approach and included samples from 30 patients with type 2 DM at a hospital in Bandung, Indonesia. The patients' blood glucose and blood creatinine levels were measured using GFR calculations and a Kenza Max photometer, respectively. The sampling method used was accidental sampling, with the sample criteria being type 2 DM patients who were willing to be respondents and did not have hypertension. The average creatinine levels and estimated GFR values were 0.97 mg/dL and 84.971 mL/min/1.73m². The results of the Pearson correlation test indicated non-significant correlations (p > 0.05, p = 0.703 and 0.819). This suggested that there was no significant relationship between creatinine levels and estimated GFR and blood glucose levels in type 2 DM patients. This study provided a foundational exploration of the link between blood glucose levels and kidney function, which could contribute to developing methods for examining kidney diseases in type 2 DM patients. This study's findings underscore the complexity of the relationship between metabolic control and renal function in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, highlighting the need for individualized patient assessment and management strategies.

Enhancing early cervical cancer detection through the mobile-based DEDIKASI application

Aprina Aprina, Titi Astuti, Gustop Amatiria — Fri, 22 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The incidence rate of cervical cancer in Indonesia remains high; however, it can be prevented through early detection. The study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the DEDIKASI mobile application, a continuation of the Early Warning System (EWS) cancer application for cervical cancer risk assessment in women of reproductive age. Employed a quasi-experimental design with a nonequivalent group posttest-only approach, the research included 388 participants chosen through random sampling. The EWS Application group showed a majority categorized as "Very Suspect" (52.6%), while the DEDIKASI group had the majority in the "High Risk" category (40.7%). ISO 25010 testing revealed an excellent overall score of 92% for the DEDIKASI application, indicating strong functional suitability and usability. The t-test results (p-value = 0.000) indicated that the DEDIKASI application was more effective than the EWS Cervical Ca application in assessing cervical cancer risk. The findings underscore the potential of the DEDIKASI mobile application for improving early detection and risk assessment of cervical cancer in women of childbearing age, offering a valuable tool to address the high incidence rate of cervical cancer in Indonesia.

Factors associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms among Indonesian adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study

Thu, 14 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Despite the conclusion of the pandemic, addressing mental health concerns during disasters remains crucial. Examining the impact of mental health issues in such contexts yields valuable insights for preventing future crises. This study aimed to examine the factors linked to anxiety and depression symptoms among Indonesian adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. This was a cross-sectional study. The study utilized an online survey collected from 738 participants from 34 provinces in Indonesia. The participants were asked to provide information on their demographics, social media exposure, self-rated health, GAD-7 scores, and the WHO-5 well-being index. The associations between participant characteristics and depression and anxiety were investigated using independent t-tests, ANOVA tests, and ordinal logistic regression. The majority of the participants were late adolescents, aged 18-21 years old (95%), and female (79.1%). Factors such as gender, self-rated health, and social media exposure were significantly associated with depression and anxiety among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Male adolescents had a higher risk of depression (OR=0.657, 95% CI=0.476-0.908), while infrequent social media exposure was linked to lower anxiety levels (OR=0.401, 95% CI=0.190-0.847). The study revealed that younger age, female sex, suspected COVID-19 infection, and excessive social media exposure were associated with higher levels of depression and anxiety. To manage depression and anxiety during and after pandemics, it is crucial to provide valid and reliable information and healthcare services, foster social connections, and create supportive environments in households and workplaces.

Protective effects of mouthwash formulations of Syzygium polyantha (L.) and Piper betel (L.) on oral microbiota-induced gingivitis

Megananda Hiranya Putri, Neneng Nurjanah, Dewi Sodja Laela, Susi Sukmasari — Tue, 19 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Using a combination of natural ingredients as a mouthwash was expected to have a synergistic effect in preventing gingivitis, a common oral disease. The objective of this study was to elucidate the anti-inflammatory effect of different proportions of mouthwash infusions: F1 (75% Syzygium polyantha and 25% Piper betle) and F2 (25% Syzygium polyantha and 75% Piper betle) on oral microbiota causing gingivitis. Twenty-four Rattus norvegicus were divided into four groups, and bacteria were injected into the periodontal sulcus. The anti-inflammatory effect was assessed by calculating the reduced number of polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes. A cytotoxicity test was carried out on the normal fibroblast cell line 3T3-L1. There were no significant differences in the decreased number of PMN leukocytes (p = 0.079 > 0.05). Both F1 and F2 showed results of cell viability approaching 100% of living cells at concentrations of 0.29 ppm and 0.04 ppm, equivalent to 0.058% and 0.029%, respectively. This study concluded that both formulations of Syzygium polyantha and Piper betle have potential effects on gingivitis prevention. They had an effectiveness level almost similar to Chlorhexidine gluconate 2%. The toxicity value of formulation F1 is superior to that of formulation F2. Further studies concerning the toxicity of the mixtures and their effect on oral biofilm are needed.

Ethanolic extract of red dragon fruit inhibits growth of mosquito larvae

Fri, 22 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Controlling the vector by eradicating mosquito larvae is frequently done by spreading Abate powder containing 1% Temephos as a larvicide agent. However, the use of Abate powder will possibly increase pesticide residue contamination in the water. This study aimed to explore the potential use of ethanolic extract from red dragon fruit skin to kill mosquito larvae. An experimental laboratory study was performed to examine the larvicidal activity of ethanolic extract from red dragon fruit skin. Maceration method was used to extract active compounds from the fruit skin. Subsequently, the viscous extract was formulated using the wet granulation method to obtain powder form. The larvicide test was done by comparing the lethal concentration (LC₅₀) of mosquito larvae after treatment using the extract and the reference larvicide agent, 1% Temephos Abate. The treatment groups consisted of four different extract concentrations of 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%. The LC₅₀of each treatment groups was then calculated against the negative control group. Phytochemical screening showed that the ethanol extract of red dragon fruit skin contains alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, triterpenoids, and tannins. The larvicide test on Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae showed that the extract treatment hardly killed the Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae. However, on Culex mosquito larvae, the ethanolic extract of red dragon fruit skin was able to kill mosquito larvae, with LC₅₀ value of of 19.06%. The ethanolic extract of red dragon fruit skin was effective on killing the Culex mosquito larvae but not the Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae.

Nurses' experiences regarding nursing competence in the isolation wards during COVID-19 pandemic

Thu, 18 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0000

During the COVID-19 pandemic, it was essential for nurses to possess the necessary skills and expertise to provide care for patients in isolation wards designated for COVID-19 cases. This recognition of a nurse's experience could serve as a basis for establishing more precise competency standards for staff working in COVID-19 isolation wards. This study aimed to explore the experience of nurses with the competencies needed to care for COVID-19 patients in the isolation ward. The research design used was a phenomenological design as outlined by van Manen's phenomenological of practice. In-depth interviews were conducted using semi-structured questions involving six nurses in the COVID-19 isolation ward at Lumajang District Hospital. This study found seven major themes, namely nurses must have altruistic thinking, critical thinking to solve problems, the ability to work with teams, problem-solving thinking, the ability to handle emergency situations, have a caring attitude, and have the motivation to learn. The competence of nurses in the COVID-19 isolation ward should be established on a foundation of both hard and soft skills, which are essential for a nurse to deliver optimal care to COVID-19 patients. Efforts aimed at enhancing nurses' competencies should take precedence, enabling them to provide improved care and assist in addressing the ongoing public health challenges.

The effectiveness of booklets on family knowledge of diabetes mellitus patients about the management of hypoglycaemia

Romalina Romalina, Meisa Daniati, Rima Novia Putri, Asmarita Jasda — Thu, 07 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The three main acute complications of diabetes mellitus related to an imbalance in glucose levels that lasted in the short term were hypoglycemia, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome. The family, as the people closest to and always interacting with the patient, played a significant role in preventing complications. A booklet served as one medium to increase knowledge for families. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the booklet on the knowledge of families of DM patients regarding the management of hypoglycemia. A quantitative method with a quasi-experimental design approach involving pre-test and post-test designs was employed. The population in this study comprised families of Diabetes Mellitus patients who were at Puskesmas (Public Health Centre) Batu X and Puskesmas Mekarbaru, Indonesia. The research sample consisted of 70 respondents selected through purposive sampling. The research variables included demographic factors, family knowledge before and after the intervention in the intervention and control groups, and bivariate analysis. The research instrument employed a questionnaire and a booklet regarding the management of hypoglycemia. Independent t-test analysis was conducted (α = 0.05). The booklet proved effective in improving the knowledge of families of diabetes mellitus patients regarding the management of hypoglycemia, with a p-value of 0.028. The booklet can enhance family knowledge about the management of hypoglycemia. Therefore, every internal medicine clinic or health centre should provide booklets as an educational medium.

The effect of Vigna unguiculata on the estrogen receptor-α expression and the endometrial thickness in rats treated with depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA)

Tue, 05 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) is a contraceptive method that prevents ovulation and reduces endometrial thickness. This study aimed to investigate the influence of Vigna unguiculata (VU) on estrogen receptor-α expression and endometrial thickness in rats subjected to DMPA treatment. The research utilized a true experimental design involving 25 female Wistar rats divided into 5 experimental groups. The DMPA+VU experiment lasted for 4 weeks, and data were analyzed using a Complete Randomized Design. Estrogen receptor-α expression in the endometrium was assessed through immunohistochemical techniques, and endometrial thickness was determined via Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, observed under dot slide microscopes (Olympus XC10) at 400× magnification. The study found that estrogen receptor-α expression and endometrial thickness were significantly higher in both the DMPA+VU2 and DMPA+VU3 groups compared to the DMPA group and the DMPA+VU1 group (p<0.05). DMPA treatment reduced estrogen receptor-α expression and endometrial thickness. However, the administration of Vigna unguiculata extracts at 2.5 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg led to an increase in estrogen receptor-α expression and endometrial thickness. The study implies that VU extract may have a positive impact on estrogen receptor-α expression and endometrial thickness in rats treated with depot medroxyprogesterone acetate.