@article{Ferretti_Cuschera_Campobasso_Gatti_Milandri_Bocchialini_Simonetti_Granelli_Frattini_Maestroni_2021, title={Rigid and flexible ureteroscopy (URS/RIRS) management of paediatric urolithiasis in a not endemic country}, volume={93}, url={https://www.pagepressjournals.org/aiua/article/view/aiua.2021.1.26}, DOI={10.4081/aiua.2021.1.26}, abstractNote={<p>Introduction: In the last years due to miniaturization of endoscopic instruments and percutaneous surgery, endourology has become very popular in paediatric urinary stone managment. We reported our single-centre experience in retrograde endoscopic procedures in children. Results and complications of URS/RIRS are discussed. <br>Materials and methods: We retrospectively reviewed our experience in patients ≤ 16 years old affected by urinary stones who underwent URS/RIRS procedures performed by two surgeons with expertise in endourology. A total of 30 renal Units (RUs) underwent endoscopic procedures (URS, RIRS or both). Surgical complications according to the ClavienDindo’s classification and stone-free rate were evaluated at 3 months follow-up. Success of URS was defined as stone-free status after single procedure while RIRS success rate was considered as presence of residual stone fragments smaller than 4 mm at first procedure. <br>Results: The mean age of our patients was 8 years, range 2- 16 years. A total of 30 renal units (RUs) underwent 40 endourological procedures (23 URS and 17 RIRS; 10 children underwent both procedures at the same time). 17/30 (56.6%) RUs were pre-stented before surgery. The stone-free status was achieved in 23/30 renal units treated, with a 76.6% success rate. The remaining 7 patients had residual stones greater than 4 mm and underwent further treatments. After a second surgery the stone-free rate turned out to be 93.3% (28/30 renal units). <br>Conclusions: Rigid and flexible ureteroscopy (URS/RIRS) is a reliable technique for treatment of < 2 cm urinary stones in paediatric age group. It shows low rate of major complications and promising results in terms of stone-free rate.</p>}, number={1}, journal={Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia}, author={Ferretti, Stefania and Cuschera, Monica and Campobasso, Davide and Gatti, Claudia and Milandri, Riccardo and Bocchialini, Tommaso and Simonetti, Elisa and Granelli, Pietro and Frattini, Antonio and Maestroni, Umberto Vittorio}, year={2021}, month={Mar.}, pages={26–30} }