Effect of infrared technology on the behavior of Listeria monocytogens, Salmonella spp. and Enterobacteriaceae in homogenized raw vaccine milk: preliminary results

Submitted: 13 February 2024
Accepted: 11 March 2024
Published: 15 May 2024
Abstract Views: 1227
PDF: 122
HTML: 16
Publisher's note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

Authors

In the dairy industry, traditional heat treatments are known for their high water and energy consumption, and more economically and environmentally friendly solutions are being sought. Infrared (IR) technology offers advantages in energy efficiency and environmental sustainability; however, its effectiveness in milk processing, particularly in pathogen inactivation, remains relatively unexplored. In this study, homogenized raw milk was subjected to IR treatment, and its impact on Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp., and Enterobacteriaceae was assessed. Results indicate that IR treatment effectively reduces the microbial load, achieving levels of inactivation comparable to conventional pasteurization methods (around 6 Log10 CFU/mL). Moreover, the treatment maintains milk pH levels, suggesting minimal alteration to its composition. Further research is needed to explore the full extent of IR treatment on milk sanitation efficacy, deeply exploring IR technology to fully assess its applicability and integration into dairy processing practices. Despite regulatory challenges, the Wir System Milk shows promise as a cost-effective and eco-friendly alternative for raw milk treatment.

Dimensions

Altmetric

PlumX Metrics

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Citations

Aboud SA, Altemimi AB, Al-Hilphy ARS, Yi-Chen L, Cacciola F, 2019. A comprehensive review on infrared heating applications in food processing. Molecules 24:4125.
Bean D, Bourdichon F, Bresnahan D, Davies A, Geeraerd A, Jackson T, Membré JM, Pourkomailian B, Richardson P, Stringer M, Uyttendaele M, Zwietering MH, 2012. Risk assessment approaches to setting thermal processes in food manufacture. ILSI, Belgium.
Bramley AJ, McKinnon CH, 1990. The microbiology of raw milk. In: Robinson RK (ed.). Dairy Microbiology, Vol 1. Elsevier Science Publishers, London, UK.
Demirci A, Ngadi M, 2012. Microbial decontamination in the food industry: novel methods and applications. Woodhead Publishing, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
EFSA BIOHAZ Panel, 2015. Scientific opinion on the public health risks related to the consumption of raw drinking milk. EFSA J 13:3940.
Escobet T, Puig V, Quevedo J, Palá-Schönwälder P, Romera J, Adelman W, 2019. Optimal batch scheduling of a multiproduct dairy process using a combined optimization/constraint programming approach. Comput Chem Eng 124:228-37.
European Commission, 2005. Commission Regulation (EC) No 2073/2005 of 15 November 2005 on microbiological criteria for foodstuffs. In: Official Journal, L 338/1, 22/12/2005.
European Parliament, Council of the European Union, 2004. Commission Regulation (EC) No. 853/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council laying down specific hygiene rules for food of animal origin. In: Official Journal, L 139/55, 30704/2004.
Farber JM, Sanders GW, Speirs JI, D’Aoust J-Y, Emmons DB, McKellar R, 1988. Thermal resistance of Listeria monocytogenes in inoculated and naturally contaminated raw milk. Int J Food Microbiol 7:277-86.
Giraffa G., Bossi M.G., 1984. Trattamento del latte con UV ed IR+UV: effetto su microflora e attitudine alla coagulazione. [Material in Italian].
Gutema FD, Agga GE, Abdi RD, De Zutter L, Duchateau L, Gabriël S, 2019. Prevalence and serotype diversity of salmonella in apparently healthy cattle: systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies, 2000-2017. Front Vet Sci 6:102.
Hamanaka D, Uchino T, Furuse N, Han W, Tanaka S, 2006. Effect of the wavelength of infrared heaters on the inactivation of bacterial spores at various water activities. Int J Food Microbiol 108:281-5.
ISO, 1999. Meat and meat products. Measurement of pH. Reference method. ISO norm 2917:1999. International Standardization Organization ed., Geneva, Switzerland.
ISO, 2017a. Microbiology of the Food Chain. Horizontal method for the detection and enumeration of Listeria monocytogenes and of Listeria spp. Part 1: detection method. ISO norm 11290-1:2017. International Standardization Organization ed., Geneva, Switzerland.
ISO, 2017b. Microbiology of the food chain. Horizontal method for the detection and enumeration of Listeria monocytogenes and of Listeria spp. Part 2: enumeration method. ISO norm 11290-2:2017. International Standardization Organization ed., Geneva, Switzerland.
ISO, 2017c. Microbiology of the food chain. Horizontal method for the detection and enumeration of Enterobacteriaceae. Part 2: colony count technique. ISO norm 21528-2:2017. International Standardization Organization ed., Geneva, Switzerland.
ISO, 2020. Microbiology of the food chain. Horizontal method for the detection, enumeration and serotyping of Salmonella. Part 1: detection of Salmonella spp. ISO norm 6579-1:2017/Amd 1:2020. International Standardization Organization ed., Geneva, Switzerland.
ISO, 2022. Microbiology of the food chain. Requirements and guidelines for conducting challenge tests of food and feed products. Part 2: challenge tests to study inactivation potential and kinetic parameters. ISO norm 20976-2:2022. International Standardization Organization ed., Geneva, Switzerland.
ISO, 2024. Milk and milk products. Determination of alkaline phosphatase activity. Part 1. fluorimetric method for milk and milk-based drinks. ISO norm 11816-1:2024. International Standardization Organization ed., Geneva, Switzerland.
Italian Republic, 2003. Decreto 24 Luglio 2003. Determinazione della scadenza del latte fresco pastorizzato e del latte fresco pastorizzato di alta qualità. In: Official Journal 179, 4/08/2003. [Decree in Italian].
Italian Republic, 2004. Legge 3 Agosto 2004, n. 204. Conversione in legge, con modificazioni, del decreto-legge 24 Giugno 2004, n. 157, recante disposizioni urgenti per l’etichettatura di alcuni prodotti agroalimentari, nonché in materia di agricoltura e pesca. In: Official Journal 186, 10/08/2004. [Law in Italian].
Italian Republic, 2017. Decreto Legislativo 15 Dicembre 2017, n. 231. Disciplina sanzionatoria per la violazione delle disposizioni del Regolamento (UE) n. 1169/2011, relativo alla fornitura di informazioni sugli alimenti ai consumatori e l’adeguamento della normativa nazionale alle disposizioni del medesimo Regolamento (UE) n. 1169/2011 e della direttiva 2011/91/UE, ai sensi dell’articolo 5 della legge 12 Agosto 2016, n. 170 «Legge Di Delegazione Europea 2015». In: Official Journal 32, 8/02/2018. [Decree in Italian].
Krishnamurthy K, Jun S, Irudayaraj J, Demirci A, 2008. Efficacy of infrared heat treatment for inactivation of staphylococcus aureus in milk. J Food Process Eng 31:798-816.
Rouweler J, 2015. Heat process values F (2nd ed.) for several commercial pasteurization and sterilization processes: overview, uses, and restrictions.
Royal Decree, 1929. Royal Decree 994/9 May 1929 regarding the “Hygienic supervision of milk intended for direct consumption”
Sawai J, Sagara K, Igarashi H, Hashimoto A, Kokugan T, Shimizu M, 1995. Injury of Escherichia coli in physiological phosphatebuffered saline induced by far-infrared irradiation. J Chem Eng Jpn 28:294-9.
Shavandi M, Sadeghi A, Sarani A, 2020. Modeling the effect of different infrared treatment on B. cereus in cardamom seeds and using genetic algorithm-artificial neural network. J Food Bioprocess Eng 3:29-34.
Skjoldebrand C, 2001. Infrared heating. In: Richardson P, ed. Thermal technologies in food processing. Woodhead Publishing CRC Press, Cambridge, England.
Varnam AH, Sutherland JP, 1994. Milk and milk products: technology, chemistry and microbiology. Chapman & Hall, London, UK.

How to Cite

1.
Savini F, Tomasello F, Indio V, De Cesare A, Fontana M, Panseri S, Prandini L, Serraino A, Giacometti F. Effect of infrared technology on the behavior of <i>Listeria monocytogens</i>, <i>Salmonella</i> spp. and <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> in homogenized raw vaccine milk: preliminary results. Ital J Food Safety [Internet]. 2024 May 15 [cited 2024 Nov. 21];13(3). Available from: https://www.pagepressjournals.org/ijfs/article/view/12379

Similar Articles

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.