https://doi.org/10.4081/hls.2024.12091
Characteristics of mothers at risk for perinatal depression in industrial areas
Submitted: 15 November 2023
Accepted: 18 March 2024
Published: 22 April 2024
Accepted: 18 March 2024
Abstract Views: 296
PDF: 91
Publisher's note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
Authors
Expectant mothers susceptible to emotional shifts during pregnancy, such as depression, underwent a perinatal phase. Within the first year after giving birth, 10-15% of women experienced specific depressive symptoms. This situation could harm the mother-child relationship. The purpose of this study was to characterize the traits of mothers who might have experienced prenatal depression at Muhammadiyah Gresik Hospital. Purposive sampling and Spearman's rank test analytics were applied to pregnant women between 20 weeks gestation and one month postpartum. Pregnant women with a history of acute medical problems and mental or psychological disorders were excluded. Out of 47 respondents, 59.6% were at risk of perinatal depression. The characteristics studied included religion, ethnicity, maternal age, educational level, employment status, family income, number of children, mode of delivery, complications during delivery, and depression history. Maternal age (r=-0.314, p=0.032*), employment status (r=0.346, p=0.016*), parity (r=-0.410, p=0.004*), and most recent delivery (r=-0.329, p=0.024*) showed significant correlations with the likelihood of perinatal depression. Maternal age, parity, and mode of delivery had negative correlations, while employment status had a positive correlation. The results of this study can be used as screening tools to identify mothers at risk of perinatal depression. Additionally, it proposes a prenatal and delivery counseling intervention program for both expectant mothers and unemployed women.
Edwards GD, Shinfuku N, Gittelman M, et al. Postnatal depression in Surabaya, Indonesia. Int J Ment Health 2006;35:62-74.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2753/IMH0020-7411350105
Kaur S, Kok EY, Jamil NA, Sebayang SK. Exploring the relationship between sunlight exposure, psychological health, and gestational weight gain: a prospective observational study. BMC Public Health 2024;24:122.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-17677-w
Pratiwi IN, Pradanie R, Setyawati N, Ramoo V. Factors associated with behavior of reducing anxiety in pregnant women during COVID-19 pandemic. J Public Heal Emerg 2023;7:18.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21037/jphe-22-60
Khalida SN, Dachlan EG, Soegiarto G. Maternal distress during pregnancy related to preeclampsia. Bali Med J 2023;12:2451-5.
Garthus-Niegel S, Staudt A, Kinser P, et al. Predictors and changes in paternal perinatal depression profiles—insights from the DREAM Study. Front Psychiatry 2020;11.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.563761
Lenze SN, Potts MA, Rodgers J, Luby J. Lessons learned from a pilot randomized controlled trial of dyadic interpersonal psychotherapy for perinatal depression in a low-income population. J Affect Disord 2020;271:286-92.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.03.084
Rinne GR, Davis EP, Mahrer NE, et al. Maternal depressive symptom trajectories from preconception through postpartum: associations with offspring developmental outcomes in early childhood. J Affect Disord 2022;309:105-14.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2022.04.116
Hughes CT, Devine R, Foley SD, et al. Couples becoming parents: trajectories for psychological distress and buffering effects of social support. J Affect Disord 2020;265:372-80.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.133
Hughes C, Foley S, Devine RT, et al. Worrying in the wings? Negative emotional birth memories in mothers and fathers show similar associations with perinatal mood disturbance and delivery mode. Arch Womens Ment Health 2020;23:371-7.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-019-00973-5
Surjaningrum ER, Leonardi T, Andriani F, et al. Delphi study to develop maternal depression training materials for cadres. Int J Public Heal Sci 2023;12:598-605.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11591/ijphs.v12i2.22465
Aji RS, Efendi F, Kurnia ID, et al. Determinants of maternal healthcare service utilisation among Indonesian mothers: a population-based study. F1000Research 2022;10:1124.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.73847.2
Ong SL, Abdullah KL, Danaee M, et al. Stress and anxiety among mothers of premature infants in a Malaysian neonatal intensive care unit. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2018:37:193-205.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02646838.2018.1540861
Wahyuni S, Anies, Soejoenoes A, Putra ST, Syukur MA. Spiritual dhikr reduces stress and depression symptom on primigravidas. Pakistan J Med Heal Sci 2018;12:1368-71.
Dagher RK, Hofferth SL, Lee Y. Maternal depression, pregnancy intention, and return to paid work after childbirth. Women’s Heal Issues 2014;24:e297-303.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.whi.2014.03.002
Suroto H, Putra RA, Karimah A. Relationship between disability and pain to post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety in patient with postoperative brachial plexus injury (BPI). Br J Neurosurg 2021;35:254-8.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02688697.2020.1784846
Wilcox M, McGee BA, Ionescu DF, et al. Perinatal depressive symptoms often start in the prenatal rather than postpartum period: results from a longitudinal study. Arch Womens Ment Health 2021;24:119-31.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-020-01017-z
Munk-Olsen T, Laursen TM, Pedersen CB, et al. New parents and mental disorders. JAMA 2006;296:2582.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.296.21.2582
Ministry of Health, Republic of Indonesia. Basic Health Research National Report, 2018. 2018. Available from: https://ghdx.healthdata.org/record/indonesia-basic-health-research-2018
Ismail RI. Stress before and during pregnancy increased risk antepartum depression. Med J Indones 2003;12:81-6.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.13181/mji.v12i2.96
Clayborne ZM, Colman I, Kingsbury M, et al. Prenatal work stress is associated with prenatal and postnatal depression and anxiety: findings from the Norwegian mother, father and child cohort study (MoBa). J Affect Disord 2022;298:548-54.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.11.024
Nicolet L, Moayedoddin A, Miafo JD, et al. Teenage mothers in Yaoundé, Cameroon—risk factors and prevalence of perinatal depression symptoms. J Clin Med 2021;10:4164.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10184164
Khanam R, Applegate J, Nisar I, et al. Burden and risk factors for antenatal depression and its effect on preterm birth in South Asia: a population-based cohort study. PLoS One 2022;17:e0263091.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263091
Figueiredo B, Pacheco A, Costa R. Depression during pregnancy and the postpartum period in adolescent and adult Portuguese mothers. Arch Womens Ment Health 2007;10:103-9.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-007-0178-8
Eshbaugh EM. Predictors of depressive symptomatology among low-income adolescent mothers. Arch Womens Ment Health 2006;9:339-42.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-006-0146-8
Ariguna Dira I, Wahyuni A. Prevalence and risk factors of postpartum depression in Denpasar City using the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale. E-Jurnal Med Udayana 2016;5:5-9.
Buckwalter JG, Buckwalter DK, Bluestein BW, Stanczyk FZ. Pregnancy and post partum: Changes in cognition and mood. Prog Brain Res 2001;133:303-19.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6123(01)33023-6
Bauman BL, Ko JY, Cox S, et al. Morbidity and mortality weekly report vital signs: postpartum depressive symptoms and provider discussions about perinatal depression-United States, 2018. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2018;69:575-81.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6919a2
Li H, Bowen A, Bowen R, et al. Mood instability, depression, and anxiety in pregnancy and adverse neonatal outcomes. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2021;21:583.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-021-04021-y
Keliyo ET, Jibril MK, Wodajo GT. Prevalence of antenatal depression and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care at health institutions of Faafan Zone, Somali Region, Eastern Ethiopia. Depress Res Treat 2021;2021:2523789.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/2523789
Wicaksono YI, Febriyana N. Collaborative care in primary health care focus on management of depression. J Heal Sci Med Res 2022;40:705-15.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31584/jhsmr.2022866
Juwitasari J, Marni M. The relationship between knowledge of high risk pregnancy and depression in pregnant women. J Borneo Holist Heal 2020;3:159-68.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35334/borticalth.v3i2.1680
Solikhah FK, Nursalam N, Subekti I, et al. Determination of factors affecting post-partum depression in primary healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Public Health Africa 2022;13:2408.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4081/jphia.2022.2408
Mwita M, Kasongi D, Bernard E, et al. The magnitude and determinants of antepartum depression among women attending antenatal clinic at a tertiary hospital, in Mwanza Tanzania: a cross-sectional study. Pan Afr Med J 2021;38:258.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2021.38.258.27023
Denckla CA, Mancini AD, Consedine NS, et al. Distinguishing postpartum and antepartum depressive trajectories in a large population-based cohort: the impact of exposure to adversity and offspring gender. Psychol Med 2018;48:1139-47.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291717002549
Fatmawati DA, Mukhoirotin. Relationship between primigravidal age with antepartum depression. J EDUNursing 2017;1:109-18.
Dagher RK, Bruckheim HE, Colpe LJ, et al. Perinatal depression: challenges and opportunities. J Women’s Heal 2021;30:154-9.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2020.8862
Li X, Gao R, Dai X, et al. The association between symptoms of depression during pregnancy and low birth weight: a prospective study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2020;20:147.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-020-2842-1
Budiman MEA, Sari SNJ, Kusumawardani W, Sutopo D. Strategy intervention to prevent and reduce postpartum depression: a systematic review. J Ners 2019;14:292-7.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20473/jn.v14i3.17149
Bjelica A, Cetkovic N, Trninic-Pjevic A, Mladenovic-Segedi L. The phenomenon of pregnancy - a psychological view. Ginekol Pol 2018;89:102-6.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5603/GP.a2018.0017
Purwono PB, Juniastuti, Amin M, et al. Hepatitis B virus infection in Indonesia 15 years after adoption of a universal infant vaccination program: possible impacts of low birth dose coverage and a vaccine-escape mutant. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2016;95:674-9.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.15-0121
Kusuma PD. Characteristics of postpartum depression in primipara and multipara. J Keperawatan Notokusumo 2017;5:36-44.
Ariyanti R, Nurdiati DS, Astuti DA. The effect of delivery type toward the postpartum depression risk postpartum. 2015;99-106.
Blackmore ER, Côté-Arsenault D, Tang W, et al. Previous prenatal loss as a predictor of perinatal depression and anxiety. Br J Psychiatry 2011;198:373-8.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.110.083105
Leigh B, Milgrom J. Risk factors for antenatal depression, postnatal depression and parenting stress. BMC Psychiatry 2008;8:1-11.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-8-24
Berry OO, Babineau V, Lee S, et al. Perinatal depression prevention through the mother-infant dyad: the role of maternal childhood maltreatment. J Affect Disord 2021;290:188-96.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.04.068
How to Cite
Anas, M., Abdillah, M. D., Prasetya, E. C., & Marlina, U. (2024). Characteristics of mothers at risk for perinatal depression in industrial areas. Healthcare in Low-Resource Settings, 12(3). https://doi.org/10.4081/hls.2024.12091
Copyright (c) 2024 the Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.