https://doi.org/10.4081/hls.2023.11768
Protective effects of mouthwash formulations of Syzygium polyantha (L.) and Piper betel (L.) on oral microbiota-induced gingivitis
Submitted: 11 September 2023
Accepted: 6 November 2023
Published: 19 December 2023
Accepted: 6 November 2023
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All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
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Using a combination of natural ingredients as a mouthwash was expected to have a synergistic effect in preventing gingivitis, a common oral disease. The objective of this study was to elucidate the anti-inflammatory effect of different proportions of mouthwash infusions: F1 (75% Syzygium polyantha and 25% Piper betle) and F2 (25% Syzygium polyantha and 75% Piper betle) on oral microbiota causing gingivitis. Twenty-four Rattus norvegicus were divided into four groups, and bacteria were injected into the periodontal sulcus. The anti-inflammatory effect was assessed by calculating the reduced number of polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes. A cytotoxicity test was carried out on the normal fibroblast cell line 3T3-L1. There were no significant differences in the decreased number of PMN leukocytes (p = 0.079 > 0.05). Both F1 and F2 showed results of cell viability approaching 100% of living cells at concentrations of 0.29 ppm and 0.04 ppm, equivalent to 0.058% and 0.029%, respectively. This study concluded that both formulations of Syzygium polyantha and Piper betle have potential effects on gingivitis prevention. They had an effectiveness level almost similar to Chlorhexidine gluconate 2%. The toxicity value of formulation F1 is superior to that of formulation F2. Further studies concerning the toxicity of the mixtures and their effect on oral biofilm are needed.
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How to Cite
Putri, M. H., Nurjanah, N., Laela, D. S., & Sukmasari, S. (2023). Protective effects of mouthwash formulations of <i>Syzygium polyantha</i> (L.) and <i>Piper betel</i> (L.) on oral microbiota-induced gingivitis. Healthcare in Low-Resource Settings, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.4081/hls.2023.11768
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