https://doi.org/10.4081/gc.2023.11295

Reactive systemic vasculitis in the course of a coronavirus OC43 infection: a case report

Vol. 9 No. 1 (2023)
Submitted: 6 March 2023
Accepted: 6 April 2023
Published: 8 May 2023
coronavirus OC43, vasculitis, COVID-19, cross-reaction, Russian influenza
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Authors

Benjamin Jacquet
benjamin.jacquet@chpg.mc
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3901-6977
Center of Gerontology Rainier III, Princess Grace Hospital, Monaco.
Vito Curiale
https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9870-8679
Center of Gerontology Rainier III, Princess Grace Hospital, Monaco.
Hélène Mangeard
Center of Gerontology Rainier III, Princess Grace Hospital, Monaco.
Émilie Ferrer
Center of Gerontology Rainier III, Princess Grace Hospital, Monaco.
Sylvie Chaillou
Center of Gerontology Rainier III, Princess Grace Hospital, Monaco.

This case report details a severe systemic failure following a coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43) infection. A 78-year-old man, who had been vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2, was hospitalized for a flu-like infection and abdominal pain, revealing bilateral hemorrhagic adrenal infarctions with secondary adrenal failure. Imagery examinations showed adrenal necrosis and multiple ischemic cerebral strokes. A multiplex retro-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) became positive for HCoV-OC43. Cardio-vascular, infectious, and auto-immune exams were negative. A steroid medication finally allowed clinical improvement, and the diagnosis of reactional vasculitis was retained. An unknown pathogenicity of HCoV-OC43 is possible, considering that RT-PCR research is rarely made. The hypothesis of cross-reactions with SARS-CoV-2 antivaccine antibodies is also feasible. At last, the possible former virulence of HCoV-OC43 is being researched, in the event that this virus is connected to the 1889 Russian influenza pandemic. The development of multiplex RT-PCR would enable the study of other HCV-OC43 infections.

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How to Cite

Jacquet, B., Curiale, V., Mangeard, H., Ferrer, Émilie, & Chaillou, S. (2023). Reactive systemic vasculitis in the course of a coronavirus OC43 infection: a case report. Geriatric Care, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.4081/gc.2023.11295
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