Germ cell tumor impersonating as a pleuropericardial cyst: a rare phenomenon

Submitted: 22 November 2023
Accepted: 24 January 2024
Published: 31 January 2024
Abstract Views: 304
PDF: 108
Publisher's note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

Authors

A Mixed Germ Cell Tumor (MGCT) is a rare tumor with a low degree of differentiation. The most common sites are yolk sac and astrocytoma. Usually, it is gonadal, but in 5% of cases, it can present as extragonadal. The most common extragonadal site is the mediastinum, where the mediastinal mass sometimes mimics thymoma, lymphoma, pericardial cyst, and also occasionally causes pericardial tamponade. The presentations vary, ranging from accidental findings on routine radiography to life-threatening respiratory and cardiovascular compromission. We present an extragonadal MGCT case presenting as a mediastinal mass with symptoms of 1 year duration. The diagnosis was confirmed on Histopathological Examination (HPE) of surgically excised specimen. Given a possible life-threatening condition, a timely diagnosis is required.

Dimensions

Altmetric

PlumX Metrics

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Citations

Hu X, Li D, Xia J, et al. Mediastinal mixed germ cell tumor: A case report and literature review. Open Medicine. 2021;16: 892-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/med-2021-0293
Hayati F, Ali NM, Kesu Belani L, et al. Giant mediastinal germ cell tumor: an enigma of surgical consideration. Case Reports in Surgery. 2016;2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/7615029
Akbayrak H, Yildirim S, Simsek M, Oc M. A rare giant pericardial cyst mimicking a paracardiac mass. Cardiovascular Journal of Africa. 2016;27:7-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5830/CVJA-2016-016
Nina VJ, Manzano NC, Mendes VG, Salgado Filho N. Giant pericardial cyst: case report.Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery. 2007;22:349-51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-76382007000300013
McKenney JK, Heerema-McKenney A, Rouse RV. Extragonadal germ cell tumors: a review with emphasis on pathologic features, clinical prognostic variables, and differential diagnostic considerations. Advances in Anatomic Pathology. 2007;14:69-92. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/PAP.0b013e31803240e6
Lin S, Li X, Sun C, et al. CT findings of intrarenal Yolk sac tumor with tumor thrombus extending into the inferior vena cava: a case report. Korean Journal of Radiology. 2014;15:641-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3348/kjr.2014.15.5.641
Miyazawa M, Yoshida K, Komatsu K, et al. Mediastinal mature teratoma with rupture into pleural cavity due to blunt trauma. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery. 2012;93:990-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.08.022
Yoshida K, Yamanda T, Aoki T, et al. A case of mature teratoma perforated into the pericardial cavity. [Zasshi][Journal]. Nihon Kyobu Geka Gakkai. 1997;45:1107-10.
Kalhor N, Moran CA. Primary germ cell tumors of the mediastinum: a review. Available from: https://med.amegroups.org/article/view/3961/4719
Tomiyama N, Honda O, Tsubamoto M, et al. Anterior mediastinal tumors: diagnostic accuracy of CT and MRI. European journal of radiology. 2009;69:280-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2007.10.002
Juanpere S, Cañete N, Ortuño P, et al. A diagnostic approach to the mediastinal masses. Insights into imaging. 2013;4:29-52.
Benveniste MF, Rosado-de-Christenson ML, Sabloff BS, et al. Role of imaging in the diagnosis, staging, and treatment of thymoma. Radiographics. 2011;31:1847-61. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.317115505
Franco A, Mody NS, Meza MP. Imaging evaluation of pediatric mediastinal masses. Radiologic Clinics. 2005;43:325-53. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcl.2005.01.002
Duwe BV, Sterman DH, Musani AI. Tumors of the mediastinum. Chest. 2005;128:2893-909. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.128.4.2893
Takahashi K, Al-Janabi NJ. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of mediastinal tumors. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2010;32:1325-39. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jmri.22377
Mishra S, Majumdar SK, Sable M, Parida DK. Primary malignant mediastinal germ cell tumors: a single institutional experience. South Asian Journal of Cancer. 2020;9:27-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/sajc.sajc_47_19
Skelton WP, Mahtta D, Welniak S, et al. Pericardial effusion as an atypical initial presentation of extra-gonadal nonseminomatous germ cell tumor: a case report and literature review. Oxford Medical Case Reports. 2018;2018:omx097. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/omcr/omx097
Juanpere S, Cañete N, Ortuño P, et al. A diagnostic approach to the mediastinal masses. Insights Imaging. 2013;4:29-52 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13244-012-0201-0
Chhieng DC, Lin O, Moran CA, et al. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of nonteratomatous germ cell tumors of the mediastinum. American Journal Of Clinical Pathology. 2002;118:418-24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1309/4DJ8-F94D-0PUK-NPQW
Sirohi B, Huddart R. The management of poor-prognosis, non-seminomatous germ-cell tumors. Clinical Oncology. 2005;17:543-52. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clon.2005.07.008
Soysal O, Sarac K, Kutlu R, et al. A case of mediastinal teratoma presenting as a cystic lesion on chest wall. East J Med. 1998;3:32-3.

How to Cite

Pandey, G., Gupta, S., Singhal, P., Rizvi, S. H. M., Pandey, S., & Mishra, S. (2024). Germ cell tumor impersonating as a pleuropericardial cyst: a rare phenomenon. Chest Disease Reports, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.4081/cdr.12.12119