Low-cost electromyography: validity against a commercial system depends on exercise type and intensity

Submitted: 8 March 2021
Accepted: 2 April 2021
Published: 13 May 2021
Abstract Views: 684
PDF: 424
HTML: 4
Publisher's note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

Authors

The aim of this study was to assess the validity of a custom-made low cost (LC) and a commercial surface EMG apparatus in controlled experimental conditions and different exercise types: maximal voluntary contractions (MVC) at 105, 90, 75, 60, 45 and 30° knee angle and explosive fix-end contractions of the knee extensors (75°) at an isometric dynamometer. sEMG of vastus lateralis was recorded from the same electrodes simultaneously, then analyzed in the same way; sEMG were finally expressed in percentage of those collected at 75°MVC. LC underestimated the sEMG signal at the more extended knee angles (30-60°), significant difference was observed only at 30°. In the explosive contractions no differences between devices were observed in average and peak sEMG, as well as in the time to peak and the activation time. Bland-Altman tests and correlation parameters indicate the LC device is not sensible enough to detect the time to peak and the peak values of the sEMG signal properly. Results suggest low-cost systems might be a valid alternative to commercial ones, but attention must be paid when analyzing rapid events.

Dimensions

Altmetric

PlumX Metrics

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Citations

Maffiuletti NA, Aagaard P, Blazevich AJ, Folland J, Tillin N, Duchateau J. Rate of force development: physiological and methodological considerations. 2016 Jun;116(6):1091-116. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-016-3346-6
Farina D, Cescon C, Merletti R. Influence of anatomical, physical, and detection-system parameters on surface EMG. Biol Cybern. 2002 Jun;86(6):445-56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00422-002-0309-2
Aagaard P, Simonsen EB, Andersen JL, Magnusson P, Dyhre-Poulsen P. Increased rate of force development and neural drive of human skeletal muscle following resistance training. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2002 Oct;93(4):1318-26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00283.2002
Mills KR. The basics of electromyography. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2005 Jun;76 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):ii32-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.2005.069211
Fuentes Del Toro S, Wei Y, Olmeda E, Ren L, Guowu W, Díaz V. Validation of a Low-Cost Electromyography (EMG) System via a Commercial and Accurate EMG Device: Pilot Study. Sensors (Basel). 2019 Nov 28;19(23):5214. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/s19235214
Supuk TG, Skelin AK, Cic M. Design, development and testing of a low-cost sEMG system and its use in recording muscle activity in human gait. Sensors (Basel). 2014 May 7;14(5):8235-58. Erratum in: Sensors (Basel). 2014;14(8):15639-40. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/s140815639
Heywood S, Pua YH, McClelland J, Geigle P, Rahmann A, Bower K, Clark R. Low-cost electromyography - Validation against a commercial system using both manual and automated activation timing thresholds. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2018 Oct;42:74-80. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelekin.2018.05.010
Lanza MB, Balshaw TG, Folland JP. Do changes in neuromuscular activation contribute to the knee extensor angle-torque relationship? Exp Physiol. 2017 Aug 1;102(8):962-973. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1113/EP086343
Lanza MB, Balshaw TG, Folland JP. Explosive strength: effect of knee-joint angle on functional, neural, and intrinsic contractile properties. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2019 Aug;119(8):1735-1746. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-019-04163-0
Bakenecker P, Zinke F, Hahn D. Explosive torque capacity and fascicle behavior during accelerated concentric contractions. Scand J Med Sci Sport 2016.
Hahn D, Bakenecker P, Zinke F. Neuromuscular performance of maximal voluntary explosive concentric contractions is influenced by angular acceleration. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2017 Dec;27(12):1739-1749. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12812
Monte A, Baltzopoulos V, Maganaris CN, Zamparo P. Gastrocnemius Medialis and Vastus Lateralis in vivo muscle-tendon behavior during running at increasing speeds. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2020 Jul;30(7):1163-1176. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13662
Arampatzis A, Karamanidis K, De Monte G, Stafilidis S, Morey-Klapsing G, Brüggemann GP. Differences between measured and resultant joint moments during voluntary and artificially elicited isometric knee extension contractions. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 2004 Mar;19(3):277-83. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2003.11.011
Hermens HJ, Freriks B, Merletti R, Stegeman D, Blok J, Rau G, et al. European Recommendations for Surface ElectroMyoGraphy. Roessingh Res Dev. 1999;8–11.
Hodges PW, Bui BH. A comparison of computer-based methods for the determination of onset of muscle contraction using electromyography. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1996 Dec;101(6):511-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-4694(96)95190-5
Folland JP, Buckthorpe MW, Hannah R. Human capacity for explosive force production: neural and contractile determinants. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2014 Dec;24(6):894-906. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12131
Bland JM, Altman DG. Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement. Lancet. 1986 Feb 8;1(8476):307-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(86)90837-8
Fleiss JL. The Design and Analysis of Clinical Experiments. Biometrical Journal. New York: John Wiley & Sons; 1986.
Rainoldi A, Nazzaro M, Merletti R, Farina D, Caruso I, Gaudenti S. Geometrical factors in surface EMG of the vastus medialis and lateralis muscles. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2000 Oct;10(5):327-36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1050-6411(00)00024-9

How to Cite

Tecchio, P., Monte, A., & Zamparo, P. (2021). Low-cost electromyography: validity against a commercial system depends on exercise type and intensity. European Journal of Translational Myology, 31(2). https://doi.org/10.4081/ejtm.2021.9735