Enhanced biological production in the southeastern Arabian Sea during spring intermonsoon

Hydrographic observations in the southeastern Arabian Sea (SEAS) have identified a warm (>30°C) and stratified water mass (stability >5 × 10−5 m−1) along the near shore area between 10°N and 15°N during spring intermonsoon. This water mass was relatively low saline (34.2) and nitrate-rich (0.5 µM), favoring moderate primary production (6.7 mg C m−3 d−1). Since the mixing of the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal waters is an important process during this period, the enhanced primary production in the SEAS is attributed to the entrainment of unconsumed nitrate left over during the previous season from the northern Arabian Sea. The season was further characterized by the presence of a deep chlorophyll a maximum (0.5 mg.m−3) in the outer shelf below (>50 m) the subducted Arabian Sea High Saline Waters, which was photosynthetically less active (<1.5 mg C m−3 d−1) due to light limitation.